What does self psychology examine as it relates to interpersonal relationships?

Self psychology primarily examines how the self is formed and maintained through interpersonal relationships and the influence these relationships have on one's sense of identity and self-cohesion. This approach, developed by Heinz Kohut, emphasizes the role of empathy and mirroring in the development of a healthy self.

The focus on self-absorption is significant because it highlights how individuals may become too centered on their own needs and experiences at the expense of meaningful connections with others. When someone is self-absorbed, they often struggle to engage with others’ perspectives, which can lead to difficulties in forming healthy relationships. This aspect is crucial in self psychology, as it examines how disruptions in relationships can lead to increased self-absorption and a fragmented sense of self, impacting personal development and interpersonal effectiveness.

In the context of the other options, while self-awareness certainly plays a role in interpersonal dynamics, it is more a byproduct of healthy relationships rather than the core focus. Defense mechanisms and unconscious conflicts can also influence interactions, but self psychology is more directly concerned with the self's development and its relational impact, especially in terms of empathy and the risks of self-absorption overshadowing healthy relational engagement.