What describes the cognitive error of thinking in all or nothing terms?

The cognitive error of thinking in all or nothing terms is best described as polarized thinking. This type of thinking involves viewing situations, people, or experiences in black-and-white terms, failing to recognize the shades of gray in between. For example, one might believe they are either a complete success or an utter failure, without considering any middle ground or alternative perspectives. This rigid thinking can lead to extreme emotional reactions and decision-making, as it does not allow for the complexity of human experiences.

Polarized thinking is often a key element in various mental health conditions, such as anxiety and depression, where individuals may catastrophize situations or label them in absolute terms. Recognizing this cognitive distortion is crucial for developing more nuanced perspectives and emotional regulation skills.